Colorectal Cancer
It is the malignancy digestive more frequent in western countries, its incidence is highest in North America and Australia, somewhat lower in western Europe, lowest rates are recorded in South America, Asia and Africa.
The colorectal carcinoma is more prevalent in the urban population, in males of whites, the multiparity exerts a protective effect on women, although the tumors of location hayloft right, are more frequent in women, the incidence of colorectal carcinoma increases rapidly from the 40 years, peaking between 60 and 80 years.
- Poliposis Colonica con Adenocarcinoma Ulcerovegetante Rectal
The geographical difference in the incidence, seems attributable to the diet, deficit the fibers, excesses in the consumption of unsaturated fats, cholesterol and refined sugars, in a body with susceptibility genetically determined to develop injuries polypoid adenomatosas single or multiple, according to epidemiological evidence, clinics, morphological, genetic and molecular the point as precursors of the most colorectal carcinomas and on them can develop the alteration precancerous histological, called dysplasia, whose progression leads to a transformation tumor malignant.
Secondary prevention, detection or early screening of colorectal carcinoma
The colorectal carcinoma constitutes a health problem, responsible for a large number of deaths in western countries and potentially curable if detected in an early stage premalignant (polyp colonico adenomatous dysplastic). The polyps multiple are associated with a more frequently in cancer that polyps unique (up to 8 times).
Within the tests recommended by the American Cancer Society, the screening of colorectal cancer in asymptomatic individuals and without personal or family history of cancer are as follows, from 50 years:
Poliposis Colonica con Adenocarcinoma Ulcerovegetante Rectal
1) Test occult blood faecal material (annual).
2) Rectal (prior to the study endoscopic).
3) Rectosigmoidoscopia flexible (every 5 years).
4) Colonoscopy (every 10 years).
5) Barium enema double contrast (every 5 or 10 years).
The top, the sequence and frequency of the same, must be evaluad by the specialist according to the patient groups of low, medium and something risk, the latter are those with a personal history and/or family by colorectal carcinoma, people with ulcerative colitis or patients with genetic syndrome of polyposis ( polyposis adenomatosas family, juvenile polyposis family, syndrome of colorectal cancer hereditary not polypoid, syndrome of adenoma plane hereditary, etc. ), in which the surveillance has to be very close, because of the high risk of developing colorectal carcinoma.
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