It is the bottom and close the uterus that connects the body of the uterus with the vagina..

The uterus or matrix is a hollow organ, in the form of pear, aimed at preserving and nurture the product of conception (embryo – fetus) and to expel at the time, located on the part but lower abdomen of women (pelvis) between the bladder or rectum.

The cervix form a channel (endocervical canal) that leads into the vagina, which leads to the outside of the body.

The cervix, for the most extension, is covered by a epithelium cells flat, which are stratified as flakes, hence its name squamous epithelium, which continues in vagina and is the first image that has the gynecologist by placing the speculate intravaginal.

This portion of the cervix neighbor to vagina is called ectocervix or exocervix. The internal part, the cervix is called endocervix, which is the importance of a through so-called through endocervical. The endocervix this consists of a cylindrical epithelium columnar, with glands that produce clear mucus filante (mucus pre-ovulatory).

The union or “shock” of both epithelia (squamous epithelium ectocervical and columnar endocervical glandular) is called union escamo-columnar or processing area, located generally at the level of external hole of the cervix, being the place where originates 95 % of the cancers of the cervix.

The cervical cancer or cervical is today one of the most common neoplasms of female genital tract, in most countries, is the 2nd cancer more frequent in women around the world, the percentage of affectation depends on the characteristics of the populations in which it is performed the study.

There are significant differences at international level, which depend on the various cultural attitudes of the different communities toward sexual habits, for example: in the Jews and Muslims, in whom the practice of male circumcision achieves a better sexual hygiene in the man and hence a smaller percentage of cancers of the cervix in their women.

It also implementation by some governments of policies of health education programs and mass screening or early detection of cervical cancer that include gynecological exams and full studies Smears, succeed as in the developed countries, reduce significantly the indices of incidence rate and mortality of cervical cancer, thanks to the implementation of the same.

1) The squamous cell carcinoma,          2) The adenocarcinoma.  

1) The squamous cell carcinoma constituted as said his name, by squamous cells that resemble the squamous cells of ectocervix or exocervix, but malignant. Is the most common, around 90 %.

2) The adenocarcinoma develops in the glandular cells producing mucus of endocervix, at the level of endocervical canal, in a percentage of about 8 %.

Less frequent are other tumors of cervix, that have the characteristics of both types of epithelium, the scaly and glandular, so-called carcinomas adenosquamous or mixed.

It is imperative and urgent measures of health education mass to the community, in order to change behaviors unhealthy and correct or eliminate risk factors of cervical cancer, but in an era of greater sexual liberation and in which we live and the beginning of the same to ages ever more early, sometimes with ignorance of basic measures of prophylaxis or prevention, due to shortcomings educational and enormous problems socio-cultural and economic.